Chii chinonzi PLA zvinhu

Chii chinonzi PLA zvinhu?

Polylactic asidhi, inozivikanwawo sePLA, ndeye thermoplastic monoma inotorwa kubva kune inovandudzwa, organic masosi senge chibage starch kana nzimbe.Kushandisa zviwanikwa zvebiomass kunoita kuti kugadzirwa kwePLA kuve kwakasiyana kubva kumapurasitiki mazhinji, ayo anogadzirwa achishandisa mafuta efossil kuburikidza nedistillation uye polymerization yepetroleum.

Kunyangwe paine misiyano yemidziyo, PLA inogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa midziyo yakafanana neye petrochemical mapurasitiki, zvichiita kuti maPLA ekugadzira maitiro ave nemutengo wakanaka.PLA ndiyo yechipiri inogadzirwa bioplastic (mushure me thermoplastic starch) uye ine maitiro akafanana nepolypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), kana polystyrene (PS), pamwe nekuve biodegradeable.

The Institute of biodegradable materials yakashuma kuti PLA zvinhu zvine tarisiro yakanaka yekushandisa mumunda wekurongedza, asi haina kukwana mukuomarara, kupisa kupisa, antibacterial uye barriers zvivakwa.Kana yaiswa pakutakura kurongedza, antibacterial kurongedza uye nehungwaru kurongedza zvine zvakakwirira zvinodiwa kune izvi zvivakwa, inoda kuvandudzwa.Zvakadini nekushandiswa kwePLA mumunda wekurongedza?Ndezvipi zvakanakira uye zvinogumira?

Izvi zvikanganiso zvePLA zvinogona kugadziriswa kuburikidza necopolymerization, kusanganisa, plasticization uye kumwe kugadziridzwa.Pachimiro chekuchengeta zvakajeka uye zvinoshatisa zvakanakira zvePLA, inogona kuwedzera kuderera, kuoma, kupisa kupisa, chipingamupinyi, conductivity uye zvimwe zvinhu zvePLA, kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira, uye kuita kuti iwedzere kushandiswa mukurongedza.
Iyi nhau inosuma kufambira mberi kwekutsvagisa kwePLA shanduko inoshandiswa mumunda wekurongedza
1. Kudzikira

PLA pachayo yakagadzikana pamhepo tembiricha, asi zviri nyore kudzikisira nekukurumidza munzvimbo yakakwira tembiricha, acid-base nharaunda kana microbial nharaunda.Izvo zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuderedzwa kwePLA zvinosanganisira huremu hwemamorekuru, crystalline state, microstructure, tembiricha yezvakatipoteredza uye hunyoro, pH kukosha, nguva yekuvhenekera uye tupukanana kwezvakatipoteredza.

Kana yaiswa pakurongedza, iyo degradation kutenderera kwePLA haisi nyore kudzora.Semuenzaniso, nekuda kwekuderera kwayo, midziyo yePLA inonyanya kushandiswa mukurongedza chikafu pamasherufu enguva pfupi.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kudzora mwero wekuderera nekuita doping kana kusanganisa zvimwe zvinhu muPLA zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita seyekutenderera kwechigadzirwa nharaunda uye nehupenyu hwesherufu, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvigadzirwa zvakaputirwa zvinogona kuchengetedzwa zvakachengeteka mukati menguva yechokwadi uye kuderedzwa mukati. nguva mushure mekusiya.

2. Barrier performance

Barriers iko kugona kuvhara kutapurirana kwegasi uye mhute yemvura, inonzi zvakare hunyoro uye gasi kuramba.Barrier inonyanya kukosha pakurongedza chikafu.Semuyenzaniso, vacuum kurongedza, inflatable kurongedza uye yakagadziridzwa mamiriro ekurongedza zvese zvinoda kuti chipinganidzo chemidziyo chive chakanaka sezvinobvira;Iyo inongoerekana yadzorwa mamiriro ekunze kuchengetedza michero nemiriwo mitsva inoda kupenya kwakasiyana kwezvinhu kumagasi akadai seokisijeni uye kabhoni dhaikisaidhi;Hunyoro humbowo kurongedza kunoda kunaka kunyorova kwemidziyo;Anti ngura packaging inoda kuti zvinhu zvivhare gasi uye hunyoro.

Kana ichienzaniswa neinovharira yakakwira naironi uye polyvinylidene chloride, PLA ine okisijeni isina kunaka uye mhute yemvura inodzivirira.Kana yaiswa pakurongedzerwa, haina kudzivirira kwakakwana kune chikafu chine mafuta.

3.Kupisa kupisa
Iyo yakashata yekupisa kupisa kwePLA zvinhu imhaka yekunonoka kwayo crystallization mwero uye yakaderera crystallinity.Iyo tembiricha yekupisa deformation yeamorphous PLA inongova 55 ℃.Iyo unmodified polylactic asidhi mashanga ine kushomeka kwekupisa.Naizvozvo, uswa hwePLA hunonyanya kukodzera zvinwiwa zvinodziya uye zvinotonhora, uye tembiricha yekushivirira iri - 10 ℃ kusvika 50 ℃.

Nekudaro, mukushandisa kunoshanda, huswa hwemukaka tii zvinwiwa uye kofi inosimudzira tsvimbo inoda kusangana nekupisa kwekudzivirira pamusoro pe80 ℃.Izvi zvinoda kugadziridzwa pahwaro hwepakutanga, iyo inogona kushandura zvimiro zvePLA kubva pamativi maviri: yemuviri uye makemikari shanduko.Kuwanda kusanganisa, kuwedzera ketani uye kuenderana, kuzadza inorganic uye humwe matekinoroji anogona kugamuchirwa kushandura kushomeka kwekupisa kwePLA pachayo uye kutyora tekinoroji chipingamupinyi chePLA mashanga.

Iyo chaiyo yekuita ndeyekuti iyo yebazi cheni kureba kwePLA inogona kudzorwa nekushandura chiyero chekudya chePLA uye nucleating agent.Iyo yakareba ketani yebazi, iyo yakakura huremu hwema molecular, iyo yakakura TG, kuomarara kwechinhu kunowedzera uye kugadzikana kwekupisa kunovandudzwa, kuitira kuvandudza kupikisa kwekupisa kwePLA uye inhibisa maitiro ekupisa kwekupisa kwePLA.